台灣文學研究

2015年6月26日星期五

賴惠川竹枝詞的生命禮俗內涵論析

研究論文
Research Article

賴惠川竹枝詞的生命禮俗內涵論析

A Study Investigating the Connotations of Etiquette and Customs in Lai Hui-Chuan’s Bamboo Poetry

歐純純
Ou, Chun-Chun

摘要

嘉義文人賴惠川，其《悶紅墨屑》與《續悶紅墨屑》，乃台灣竹枝詞之瑰寶，數量為台灣文人之冠，其內容亦包羅萬象，將台灣風土民情之可資記述者，用心地寫入詩中。其中關於台灣生命禮俗的詩作，描寫台灣先民面對生老病死時的應對禮儀，此實為台灣文化的一大資產。今本文透過次級資料分析、歷史比較研究法、訪談法的運用，企圖了解賴惠川筆下的生命禮俗，包括「婚嫁禮俗」、「育兒禮俗」、「喪葬與祭祖禮俗」，其內在意義與外在形式究竟為何？以及它們在時代的變遷中，是否有過什麼樣的變化？就現代的社會環境而言，有沒有哪些禮俗需要進行調整？哪些仍須加以傳承和發揚？生命禮俗是每個人一生中無法脫離的根本大法，從出生至死亡，皆與之相關，因此本文以此項課題進行研究，希望為建構賴惠川文學體系盡一份力量，也為保存與發揚台灣民俗文化發揮一些作用。

關鍵詞：生命禮俗、竹枝詞、悶紅墨屑、賴惠川、續悶紅墨屑

Abstract

Lai Hui-Chuan is a literatus in Chiayi whose Men Hong Mo Xie and Su Men Hong Mo Xie are thought to be valuable bamboo poetry in Taiwan. He was the most prolific bamboo poetry writer in Taiwan, and the content of his bamboo poetry was all-inclusive. He attentively documented the customs and culture of Taiwan in his bamboo poetry. His bamboo poetry about the etiquette and customs of Taiwan described the corresponding etiquette and customs related to birth, aging, illness, and the death of ancestors, and it is essentially a great cultural asset for Taiwan. In this study, a secondary data analysis, a historical comparative method, and interviews were used to gain an understanding of the internal meaning and external form of the etiquette and customs depicted in the writing of Lai Hui-Chuan, including “marriage rituals,” “parenting etiquette,” and “funeral rites and worship” as well as their changes over time. In terms of a modern social environment, are there any forms of etiquette and customs that require adjustment? Which of them should be inherited and carried forward? Etiquette and customs are fundamental rules that follow everyone and are associated with people from birth to death. Therefore, in this study, an investigation was made of this theme in order to contribute to the establishment of the literary system of Lai Hui Chuan, as well as the preservation and promotion of customs and culture in Taiwan.

Keywords: Etiquette and customs, Bamboo poetry, Men Hong Mo Xie, Lai Hui-Chuan, Su Men Hong Mo Xie

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日暮鄉關何處？論許南英的遺民意識

研究論文
Research Article

日暮鄉關何處？論許南英的遺民意識

Where is Home when Twilight Grows Dark?

Researching into Hsu Na-Ying Adherents' Consciousness

梁鈞筌
Liang, Chun-Chuan

摘要

「遺民」作為文學研究的切入點，是很常被使用的論述模式，然而遺民觀念的阿基米德點，國族想像、政治認同，卻是往昔研究常略而未論、視為理所當然之處。作為清帝國邊疆的台灣，吏治不彰、民變頻仍，乙未割台時，有多少人抱有強烈的君／國意識，而成為政治認同下的遺民？彼時清室未隳，文人就遽以遺民相稱，豈不暗示遺民所遺者，是遺棄故土、失家流離之慟？因此，本論擬以台南進士許南英作為觀察對象，觀其言、審其行，透過其在台時期的活動，爬梳其家鄉認同，繼而檢視他對清廷／中國的國族想像，最後探討詩作，以重新梳理詩人的遺民意識的內含。

關鍵詞：許南英、台南、遺民、流離

Abstract

Research conducted with the intention of “Adherents’ Consciousness” is a common way to discuss literature. Although the Archimedes point of the conceptions concluded “National Imagination” and “Political Identification,” it was seldom discussed in previous studies. As the frontier of the Ching Empire, Taiwan residents always suffered from poor governmental efficiency and frequent commotion. Could the Taiwanese hold strong loyalty to the Ching Empire, becoming adherents of the Ex-Dynasty, when Taiwan was ceded to Japan in 1895? At that moment, the Ching Empire had not yet been overthrown. How could the literati claim to be Adherents of the ex-dynasty? Wouldn’t that mean the Adherents’ Consciousness was linked to the pain of abandoning their home and being exiled? To approach these questions, we focused on Hsu Na-Ying, a Jin-Shi (進士) of Tainan city, to research his Adherents’ Consciousness through his thoughts and deeds, the relationship between himself and the Ching Empire, then viewing how he imagined the Ching Empire and the nation. Finally, we would discuss his poems, and attempted to outline the meaning of “Adherents’ Consciousness.”

Keywords: Hsu Na-Ying (許南英), Tainan, Adherents’ Consciousness, Diaspora

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日治初期台灣言論界「文學」概念的變化

研究論文
Research Article

日治初期台灣言論界「文學」概念的變化

Changes in the Concept of “Literature” during the Early Years of the Japanese Colonization of Taiwan

許倍榕
Hsu, Pei-Jung

摘要

本文探討日本殖民統治初期，台灣的「文學」概念從儒學傳統脈絡到新學脈絡的變化。在台灣知識階層中，最早對此概念進行探討的，是1907年謝雪漁撰寫的〈文學辨義〉，該文對「文學」的釋義，已有廣、狹義之分，並開始使用「純文學」的說法，對傳統「文章」未涵蓋的小說、戲曲，抱持較為開放的態度。本文的提問是，何以此時出現這類對「文學」意涵的討論？台灣的社會與既有學術出現了什麼變化，必須去摸索與適應這個新的「文學」概念？而被視為「傳統文人」的謝雪漁，在1907年即撰文介紹這個新概念，顯示知識階層之間一定程度的認識與接受，那麼又何以有後來的新舊文學論爭？本文主要從這些問題切入，回溯台灣現代意涵「文學」的形成過程。由於日治初期日本官方對「漢文」的定位，動搖了傳統學術的權威性，對此台灣人開始積極接受「新學」以改良傳統學術，在此過程中，他們將新的「文學」概念作為一種文明知識納入視域，往後很長一段時間，台灣知識階層的「文學」都未跳脫這種新舊並存的用法，這種「文學」概念，與其說是「變革」，實質上比較接近一種知識的整理，而這種沒有衝突、多義調和的「文學」概念，要待日治中期後才有明顯的蛻變。

關鍵字：文學概念、新學、謝雪漁（Hsieh Hsueh-Yu）、久保天隨（Kubo Tenzui）、文學史

Abstract

The focus of this paper was to discuss the transformation in literary culture in Taiwan from traditional Confucianism to a contemporary literary style.

In Taiwan, the earliest discussion about the concept of literature appeared in the article “文學辨義” by Hsieh Hsueh-Yu in 1907. In this article, the definition of “literature” was described in both a general and a more specific manner. The author also introduced the concept of “pure literature,” and at the same time, held a more open attitude toward novels and Chinese operatic plays, which were typically ignored by traditional scholars. The purpose of this study was to identify the time period during which such discussions appeared in Taiwan. What societal and cultural changes occurred during the time that necessitated the adaptation to the new concept?

The fact that Hsieh Hsueh-Yu, who was commonly regarded as a traditional scholar, wrote the article in 1907 to promote the new concept demonstrated that such a concept was likely adopted in different educational classes. If such an understanding existed at the time, what caused the dispute between traditional and new literature in the years that followed? We attempted to develop an understanding of the formative process for the contemporary concept of literature in Taiwan by answering this question. We believe that the position held by the Japanese colonial rulers towards “Chinese classics” shook the authority of the traditional literary scholars of the period. In response to this change, the Taiwanese began to actively incorporate contemporary concepts in order to transform and improve the traditional definition of literature. In this process, they accepted and absorbed the new concepts as “civilized knowledge.” In the years that followed, the perception of “literature” was generally accepted as the co-existence of both the old and the new. Instead of a revolutionary process, the transformation of literary culture is better described as a rearrangement of knowledge. Such a conflict-free and encompassing view toward literature persisted until the later stages of Japanese colonization.

Keywords: The concept of literature, New study, Hsieh Hsueh-Yu, Kubo Tenzui, The history of literature

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北台詩壇一抹光――論頭圍登瀛吟社與盧纘祥

研究論文
Research Article

北台詩壇一抹光――論頭圍登瀛吟社與盧纘祥

A Slice of Brightness in the Northern Taiwan Poetic Circles:
Research on the Tour Wei Deng Yng Poetry-Writing Society and Poet Lu Zan-Xiang

陳麗蓮
Chen, Li-Lian

摘要

不論台灣區域文學研究進行到哪一個階段，田野調查、史料蒐集、整理、出版都應該持續，永不間斷。台灣各區域的文學研究，更仰賴研究者長久深入調查。本文秉持區域文學深耕考掘的精神，將呈現繼〈頭圍登瀛吟社之經營與詩作史料整理〉之後新發現的文學史料，並結合過往研究，爬梳該社運作樣貌。全文從「積極投入《詩報》創立與運作的蘭陽傳統詩社」、「日治時期與外界互動最佳的蘭陽傳統詩社」、「目前保留史料最完整的蘭陽傳統詩社」三個層面，深入探討該社在社長盧纘祥的領導下，參與蘭陽傳統文學史與台灣傳統詩壇之活躍度，並從「再現與推衍家鄉景致的蘭陽傳統詩社」探討該社社員地誌書寫詩作所彰顯的地方特色及地方認同感，發掘該社傳統詩創作的價值與意義，讓學界有機會重新認識位於台灣東北角的登瀛吟社，以建立其區域文學史上的地位。

關鍵詞：區域文學、宜蘭、傳統文學、登瀛吟社、盧纘祥

Abstract

The study of literature in Taiwan has progressed over the decades, and includes field research, historical research, arrangements, and publications. Regardless of how long the regional literature continues, researchers who work in Taiwanese literature contribute their time to examining multiple methods and this should be encouraged.

This paper holds the spirit of investigating the regional literature from newly discovered historical materials of “Tour Wei Deng Yng Poetry-Writing Society: Its Management and Collection of Poetry and Historical Records.” My paper will incorporate previous research and renew the operation of it.

The research examined three main aspects, the first was from the “establishing Poetry Daily of Yi-Lan traditional Poetry,” the second was from the “Japanese occupation period and the interaction with the outside world of Yi-Lan traditional Poetry,” and the third was from the “well-preservation historical data in Yi-Lan traditional Poetry.” In following the president of Poetry, Lu Zan-Xiang, the study pinpointed the active relationship between Yi-Lan’s traditional history of literature and Taiwan’s traditional poetry circle. Moreover, the study also used “reproduction of views in our hometown (Yi-Lan Poetry)” to tightly emphasize the memberships’ local characteristics and regional identification in order to manifest the value of the poetry and its meanings. The Tour Wei Deng Yng Poetry-Writing Society, as one important piece of literature in northeast Taiwan, should be recognized and established as valuable nowadays.

Keywords: Regional Literature, Yi-Lan, Traditional Literature, Tour Wei Deng Yng Poetry-Writing Society, Lu Zan-Xiang

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祕境與棄兒 ――初步踏查《公論報》藝文副刊

研究論文

Research Article

祕境與棄兒――初步踏查《公論報》藝文副刊

Mystery and Outcast:

Preliminary Investigation on the Literary Supplement of the Taiwan Tribune

陳明成
Chen, Ming-Cheng

摘要

《公論報》當年最引人注目的「台灣風土」副刊終於在2013年的歲末出版，林瑞明教授在導讀之餘也提醒說，世人皆以為早已亡佚的「創刊號」事實上現存於台南市立圖書館。今日筆者循線將市圖的現存紙本與薛化元教授編著的《《公論報》言論目錄暨索引》所缺漏的日期進行核對，最後成果異常豐碩。但是隨著陸續被筆者挖掘出來的文本愈堆愈高時，愈發驚覺不僅僅是「創刊號」和各期社論的出土很重要，對於《公論報》前後接續多達22個的副刊進行初步地重估與審視反倒變得更刻不容緩。筆者認為，《公論報》仍是尚待開墾的「處女地」，各式副刊裡充滿了無數的文學「祕境」及藝文「棄兒」，卻因長期被侷限在討論戰後民主憲政發展的範疇內，以致藝文面向的成果幾乎遭到學界的漠視。本文盼望透過對「祕境」及「棄兒」初步的整理與析論，能夠「拋磚引玉」地喚起更多人的關注，進而實質豐富台灣文學史的內涵。

關鍵字：公論報、副刊、日月潭副刊、台灣文學史

Abstract

The most remarkable supplement Taiwan Culture of the Taiwan Tribune in those days finally was published at the end of 2013. Professor Lin Rui-Ming reminded also in his introduction that the first issue supposed to be lost earlier actually existed in Tainan Public Library. Today, the author followed the lead to check the dates missed from the existing paper version of the first issue kept by Tainan Public Library and the Contents and Index of the Taiwan Tribune compiled by Professor Xue Hua-Yuan and got great findings. However, the uncovered pages grew gradually, the author were more and more surprised at the fact that what was important was not only the discovery of the first issue and editorials of different issues, the preliminary evaluation and examination on the 22 consecutive supplements of the Taiwan Tribune seemed more urgent. The author believed that the Taiwan Tribune was still a virgin land to be reclaimed and its supplements were full of literary mysteries and art outcasts. Unfortunately, since discussions on the Taiwan Tribune were limited to the post-war democracy and political development, fruits in art and literature were almost neglected by the academic circle. This paper hopes to serve as a modest spur to induce more attention throughits preliminary research and analysis on these mysteries and outcasts, to further enrich the Taiwan literature history.

Keywords: Taiwan Tribune, supplement, Sun Moon Lake supplement, Taiwan literature history

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