從日本軍歌到台灣禁歌的觀察――以〈步くうた〉、 〈無頭路〉為例

特稿
Feature Article

從日本軍歌到台灣禁歌的觀察――以〈步くうた〉、〈無頭路〉為例
A Case Study of Music Transition from a Japanese Militant Song to a Censored Taiwanese Folksong: "The Marching Song" and "Roads to No Where"

呂興昌
Lū, Heng-Chhiong

摘要

        1941年由日本ビクター（勝利）唱片公司發行的〈步くうた〉（行路歌），是當時的「軍國歌謠」，一出版，馬上風行日本本土及其殖民地如台灣，成為當年的暢銷歌曲，並獲東京中央放送局的「選獎」。23年後的1964年，台灣惠美唱片公司據此曲調翻唱的〈無頭路〉，卻在出版後不久即因描寫失業問題有「妨害社會安寧與秩序」之嫌遭到查禁；如無特殊機會，這首歌早就消失於台灣詩／歌壇。本文透過田野調查、文獻考索與文本分析探討二者（尤其是〈無頭路〉)在各自國度的創作動機、歷史情境、受容脤絡以及美學價值，藉以彰顯六○年代台語文學代表文類台語歌詩的重要作家呂金守之語言風格與藝術成就。

關鍵詞：呂金守、軍國歌謠、皇民化、禁歌、翻唱、失業歌謠

Abstract

        "The Marching Song" (步くうた) was a militant song published by JVC (Victor Company of Japan) in 1941. It became popular in Japan and Japanese colonies such as Taiwan, and won the Choice Award of the Year at Tokyo Broadcasting Station. In 1964, a cover song called "Roads to No Where" (無頭路) was published by Hui-Mei Record Company in Taiwan. However, as the lyrics contained description of unemployment, it was soon banned by the Taiwanese government as it was considered as an "act that jeopardizes social order and stability." This essay uses field study and textual analysis methods to investigate the motivation of composition, historical contexts, acceptances, and aesthetic values of these two songs (especially "Roads to No Where"), while highlighting the language style and artistic achievement of Lū Kim-Siú, a great poetry/ folksong writer in Taiwanese language literature in the 1960s.

Keywords: Lū Kim-Siú , militant songs, Japanization, Censorship of music, cover songs, unemployment

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