賴惠川竹枝詞的生命禮俗內涵論析

研究論文
Research Article

賴惠川竹枝詞的生命禮俗內涵論析

A Study Investigating the Connotations of Etiquette and Customs in Lai Hui-Chuan’s Bamboo Poetry

歐純純
Ou, Chun-Chun

摘要 

        嘉義文人賴惠川，其《悶紅墨屑》與《續悶紅墨屑》，乃台灣竹枝詞之瑰寶，數量為台灣文人之冠，其內容亦包羅萬象，將台灣風土民情之可資記述者，用心地寫入詩中。其中關於台灣生命禮俗的詩作，描寫台灣先民面對生老病死時的應對禮儀，此實為台灣文化的一大資產。今本文透過次級資料分析、歷史比較研究法、訪談法的運用，企圖了解賴惠川筆下的生命禮俗，包括「婚嫁禮俗」、「育兒禮俗」、「喪葬與祭祖禮俗」，其內在意義與外在形式究竟為何？以及它們在時代的變遷中，是否有過什麼樣的變化？就現代的社會環境而言，有沒有哪些禮俗需要進行調整？哪些仍須加以傳承和發揚？生命禮俗是每個人一生中無法脫離的根本大法，從出生至死亡，皆與之相關，因此本文以此項課題進行研究，希望為建構賴惠川文學體系盡一份力量，也為保存與發揚台灣民俗文化發揮一些作用。

關鍵詞：生命禮俗、竹枝詞、悶紅墨屑、賴惠川、續悶紅墨屑

Abstract

        Lai Hui-Chuan is a literatus in Chiayi whose Men Hong Mo Xie and Su Men Hong Mo Xie are thought to be valuable bamboo poetry in Taiwan. He was the most prolific bamboo poetry writer in Taiwan, and the content of his bamboo poetry was all-inclusive. He attentively documented the customs and culture of Taiwan in his bamboo poetry. His bamboo poetry about the etiquette and customs of Taiwan described the corresponding etiquette and customs related to birth, aging, illness, and the death of ancestors, and it is essentially a great cultural asset for Taiwan. In this study, a secondary data analysis, a historical comparative method, and interviews were used to gain an understanding of the internal meaning and external form of the etiquette and customs depicted in the writing of Lai Hui-Chuan, including “marriage rituals,” “parenting etiquette,” and “funeral rites and worship” as well as their changes over time. In terms of a modern social environment, are there any forms of etiquette and customs that require adjustment? Which of them should be inherited and carried forward? Etiquette and customs are fundamental rules that follow everyone and are associated with people from birth to death. Therefore, in this study, an investigation was made of this theme in order to contribute to the establishment of the literary system of Lai Hui Chuan, as well as the preservation and promotion of customs and culture in Taiwan.

Keywords: Etiquette and customs, Bamboo poetry, Men Hong Mo Xie, Lai Hui-Chuan, Su Men Hong Mo Xie

檢視全文

日暮鄉關何處？論許南英的遺民意識

研究論文
Research Article

日暮鄉關何處？論許南英的遺民意識

Where is Home when Twilight Grows Dark? 

Researching into Hsu Na-Ying Adherents' Consciousness

梁鈞筌
Liang, Chun-Chuan

摘要

       「遺民」作為文學研究的切入點，是很常被使用的論述模式，然而遺民觀念的阿基米德點，國族想像、政治認同，卻是往昔研究常略而未論、視為理所當然之處。作為清帝國邊疆的台灣，吏治不彰、民變頻仍，乙未割台時，有多少人抱有強烈的君／國意識，而成為政治認同下的遺民？彼時清室未隳，文人就遽以遺民相稱，豈不暗示遺民所遺者，是遺棄故土、失家流離之慟？因此，本論擬以台南進士許南英作為觀察對象，觀其言、審其行，透過其在台時期的活動，爬梳其家鄉認同，繼而檢視他對清廷／中國的國族想像，最後探討詩作，以重新梳理詩人的遺民意識的內含。

關鍵詞：許南英、台南、遺民、流離

Abstract

        Research conducted with the intention of “Adherents’ Consciousness” is a common way to discuss literature. Although the Archimedes point of the conceptions concluded “National Imagination” and “Political Identification,” it was seldom discussed in previous studies. As the frontier of the Ching Empire, Taiwan residents always suffered from poor governmental efficiency and frequent commotion. Could the Taiwanese hold strong loyalty to the Ching Empire, becoming adherents of the Ex-Dynasty, when Taiwan was ceded to Japan in 1895? At that moment, the Ching Empire had not yet been overthrown. How could the literati claim to be Adherents of the ex-dynasty? Wouldn’t that mean the Adherents’ Consciousness was linked to the pain of abandoning their home and being exiled? To approach these questions, we focused on Hsu Na-Ying, a Jin-Shi (進士) of Tainan city, to research his Adherents’ Consciousness through his thoughts and deeds, the relationship between himself and the Ching Empire, then viewing how he imagined the Ching Empire and the nation. Finally, we would discuss his poems, and attempted to outline the meaning of “Adherents’ Consciousness.”

Keywords: Hsu Na-Ying (許南英), Tainan, Adherents’ Consciousness, Diaspora

檢視全文

日治初期台灣言論界「文學」概念 的變化

研究論文
Research Article

日治初期台灣言論界「文學」概念的變化

Changes in the Concept of “Literature” during the Early Years of the Japanese Colonization of Taiwan

許倍榕
Hsu, Pei-Jung

摘要

        本文探討日本殖民統治初期，台灣的「文學」概念從儒學傳統脈絡到新學脈絡的變化。在台灣知識階層中，最早對此概念進行探討的，是1907年謝雪漁撰寫的〈文學辨義〉，該文對「文學」的釋義，已有廣、狹義之分，並開始使用「純文學」的說法，對傳統「文章」未涵蓋的小說、戲曲，抱持較為開放的態度。本文的提問是，何以此時出現這類對「文學」意涵的討論？台灣的社會與既有學術出現了什麼變化，必須去摸索與適應這個新的「文學」概念？而被視為「傳統文人」的謝雪漁，在1907年即撰文介紹這個新概念，顯示知識階層之間一定程度的認識與接受，那麼又何以有後來的新舊文學論爭？本文主要從這些問題切入，回溯台灣現代意涵「文學」的形成過程。由於日治初期日本官方對「漢文」的定位，動搖了傳統學術的權威性，對此台灣人開始積極接受「新學」以改良傳統學術，在此過程中，他們將新的「文學」概念作為一種文明知識納入視域，往後很長一段時間，台灣知識階層的「文學」都未跳脫這種新舊並存的用法，這種「文學」概念，與其說是「變革」，實質上比較接近一種知識的整理，而這種沒有衝突、多義調和的「文學」概念，要待日治中期後才有明顯的蛻變。

關鍵字：文學概念、新學、謝雪漁（Hsieh Hsueh-Yu）、久保天隨（Kubo Tenzui）、文學史

Abstract

 

        The focus of this paper was to discuss the transformation in literary culture in Taiwan from traditional Confucianism to a contemporary literary style.

 

        In Taiwan, the earliest discussion about the concept of literature appeared in the article “文學辨義” by Hsieh Hsueh-Yu in 1907. In this article, the definition of “literature” was described in both a general and a more specific manner. The author also introduced the concept of “pure literature,” and at the same time, held a more open attitude toward novels and Chinese operatic plays, which were typically ignored by traditional scholars. The purpose of this study was to identify the time period during which such discussions appeared in Taiwan. What societal and cultural changes occurred during the time that necessitated the adaptation to the new concept?

 

        The fact that Hsieh Hsueh-Yu, who was commonly regarded as a traditional scholar, wrote the article in 1907 to promote the new concept demonstrated that such a concept was likely adopted in different educational classes. If such an understanding existed at the time, what caused the dispute between traditional and new literature in the years that followed? We attempted to develop an understanding of the formative process for the contemporary concept of literature in Taiwan by answering this question. We believe that the position held by the Japanese colonial rulers towards “Chinese classics” shook the authority of the traditional literary scholars of the period. In response to this change, the Taiwanese began to actively incorporate contemporary concepts in order to transform and improve the traditional definition of literature. In this process, they accepted and absorbed the new concepts as “civilized knowledge.” In the years that followed, the perception of “literature” was generally accepted as the co-existence of both the old and the new. Instead of a revolutionary process, the transformation of literary culture is better described as a rearrangement of knowledge. Such a conflict-free and encompassing view toward literature persisted until the later stages of Japanese colonization.

Keywords: The concept of literature, New study, Hsieh Hsueh-Yu, Kubo Tenzui, The history of literature

 

檢視全文

北台詩壇一抹光――論頭圍登瀛吟社 與盧纘祥

研究論文
Research Article

北台詩壇一抹光――論頭圍登瀛吟社與盧纘祥

A Slice of Brightness in the Northern Taiwan Poetic Circles:
Research on the Tour Wei Deng Yng Poetry-Writing Society and Poet Lu Zan-Xiang

陳麗蓮
Chen, Li-Lian

摘要

        不論台灣區域文學研究進行到哪一個階段，田野調查、史料蒐集、整理、出版都應該持續，永不間斷。台灣各區域的文學研究，更仰賴研究者長久深入調查。本文秉持區域文學深耕考掘的精神，將呈現繼〈頭圍登瀛吟社之經營與詩作史料整理〉之後新發現的文學史料，並結合過往研究，爬梳該社運作樣貌。全文從「積極投入《詩報》創立與運作的蘭陽傳統詩社」、「日治時期與外界互動最佳的蘭陽傳統詩社」、「目前保留史料最完整的蘭陽傳統詩社」三個層面，深入探討該社在社長盧纘祥的領導下，參與蘭陽傳統文學史與台灣傳統詩壇之活躍度，並從「再現與推衍家鄉景致的蘭陽傳統詩社」探討該社社員地誌書寫詩作所彰顯的地方特色及地方認同感，發掘該社傳統詩創作的價值與意義，讓學界有機會重新認識位於台灣東北角的登瀛吟社，以建立其區域文學史上的地位。

關鍵詞：區域文學、宜蘭、傳統文學、登瀛吟社、盧纘祥

Abstract

        The study of literature in Taiwan has progressed over the decades, and includes field research, historical research, arrangements, and publications. Regardless of how long the regional literature continues, researchers who work in Taiwanese literature contribute their time to examining multiple methods and this should be encouraged.

      This paper holds the spirit of investigating the regional literature from newly discovered historical materials of “Tour Wei Deng Yng Poetry-Writing Society: Its Management and Collection of Poetry and Historical Records.” My paper will incorporate previous research and renew the operation of it.

        The research examined three main aspects, the first was from the “establishing Poetry Daily of Yi-Lan traditional Poetry,” the second was from the “Japanese occupation period and the interaction with the outside world of Yi-Lan traditional Poetry,” and the third was from the “well-preservation historical data in Yi-Lan traditional Poetry.” In following the president of Poetry, Lu Zan-Xiang, the study pinpointed the active relationship between Yi-Lan’s traditional history of literature and Taiwan’s traditional poetry circle. Moreover, the study also used “reproduction of views in our hometown (Yi-Lan Poetry)” to tightly emphasize the memberships’ local characteristics and regional identification in order to manifest the value of the poetry and its meanings. The Tour Wei Deng Yng Poetry-Writing Society, as one important piece of literature in northeast Taiwan, should be recognized and established as valuable nowadays.

Keywords: Regional Literature, Yi-Lan, Traditional Literature, Tour Wei Deng Yng Poetry-Writing Society, Lu Zan-Xiang

檢視全文

祕境與棄兒 ――初步踏查《公論報》藝文副刊

研究論文

Research Article

祕境與棄兒――初步踏查《公論報》藝文副刊

Mystery and Outcast: 

Preliminary Investigation on the Literary Supplement of the Taiwan Tribune

陳明成
Chen, Ming-Cheng

摘要

        《公論報》當年最引人注目的「台灣風土」副刊終於在2013年的歲末出版，林瑞明教授在導讀之餘也提醒說，世人皆以為早已亡佚的「創刊號」事實上現存於台南市立圖書館。今日筆者循線將市圖的現存紙本與薛化元教授編著的《《公論報》言論目錄暨索引》所缺漏的日期進行核對，最後成果異常豐碩。但是隨著陸續被筆者挖掘出來的文本愈堆愈高時，愈發驚覺不僅僅是「創刊號」和各期社論的出土很重要，對於《公論報》前後接續多達22個的副刊進行初步地重估與審視反倒變得更刻不容緩。筆者認為，《公論報》仍是尚待開墾的「處女地」，各式副刊裡充滿了無數的文學「祕境」及藝文「棄兒」，卻因長期被侷限在討論戰後民主憲政發展的範疇內，以致藝文面向的成果幾乎遭到學界的漠視。本文盼望透過對「祕境」及「棄兒」初步的整理與析論，能夠「拋磚引玉」地喚起更多人的關注，進而實質豐富台灣文學史的內涵。

關鍵字：公論報、副刊、日月潭副刊、台灣文學史

Abstract

        The most remarkable supplement Taiwan Culture of the Taiwan Tribune in those days finally was published at the end of 2013. Professor Lin Rui-Ming reminded also in his introduction that the first issue supposed to be lost earlier actually existed in Tainan Public Library. Today, the author followed the lead to check the dates missed from the existing paper version of the first issue kept by Tainan Public Library and the Contents and Index of the Taiwan Tribune compiled by Professor Xue Hua-Yuan and got great findings. However, the uncovered pages grew gradually, the author were more and more surprised at the fact that what was important was not only the discovery of the first issue and editorials of different issues, the preliminary evaluation and examination on the 22 consecutive supplements of the Taiwan Tribune seemed more urgent. The author believed that the Taiwan Tribune was still a virgin land to be reclaimed and its supplements were full of literary mysteries and art outcasts. Unfortunately, since discussions on the Taiwan Tribune were limited to the post-war democracy and political development, fruits in art and literature were almost neglected by the academic circle. This paper hopes to serve as a modest spur to induce more attention throughits preliminary research and analysis on these mysteries and outcasts, to further enrich the Taiwan literature history.

Keywords: Taiwan Tribune, supplement, Sun Moon Lake supplement, Taiwan literature history

檢視全文

洪成潭美術展覽室講話

洪成潭美術展覽室講話
Symposium

主持人：王墨林
Moderator: Wang, Mo-Lin

講者：洪成潭
Speaker: Hong, Seong-Dam

現場口譯：臧汝興
Interpreter: Zang, Ru-Xing

檢視全文

座談會

座談會 

Symposium

主持人：李承機

Moderator: Li, Cheng-Chi

討論者：梅丁衍、山口泉、稻葉真以

Panelists: Mei Dean-Yan, Yamaguchi Izumi, Inaba Mai

現場口譯：李承機、鳳氣至純平

Interpreter: Li Cheng-Chi, Fugeshi Jumpei

                   

檢視全文

東亞的人間中心的文化創造―― 洪成潭的民眾美術世界

專題演講 Keynote Speech
東亞的人間中心的文化創造――洪成潭的民眾美術世界
The People-oriented Cultural Creation in East Asia -The World of Art of Hong, Seong-Dam

演講者：徐勝
Speaker: Suh, Sung

檢視全文

東亞的民眾文化：希望的團結――洪成潭的民眾美術世界 開幕式致詞

檢視全文

東亞的民眾文化：希望的團結――洪成潭的民眾美術世界 活動議程

檢視全文

編輯室報告（第7期）

        第七期的《台灣文學研究》一共收錄有五篇學術研究論文，再加上一場難得的展覽活動――「洪成潭版畫展」專題演講暨座談會紀錄所組成。本期學報得以順利出刊，要感謝所有投稿人、論文專業審查人的熱心支持，因為各位的參與使得這個學術園地能夠持續穩定地經營下去。

        整體來看，本期通過專業匿名審查的學術研究稿件，主要集中在戰前日治時期以及戰後十餘年間的台灣文學史料蒐羅、整理與撰述。例如自1947年開始發行至1961年的民營報紙《公論報》，往往被置放在戰後台灣民主憲政的發展脈絡下來討論，此中的「藝文副刊」實是一個未勘之境。〈秘境與棄兒――初步踏查《公論報》藝文副刊〉這篇研究，便是針對《公論報》裡多達22類的藝文副刊進行初步整理與探討，具有填補文學史料的重要貢獻。同樣是史料的整理與歷史脈絡的爬梳，〈北台詩壇一抹光〉一文將成立於1921年、作為蘭陽傳統詩社之一的登瀛吟社，置放在目前方興未艾的區域文學研究脈絡裡，處理該詩社組織的具體運作。另外，〈日暮相關何處？〉以許南英的詩作為對象，探討其中的國族想像與身分認同；〈賴惠川竹枝詞的生命禮俗論析〉則分別就婚喪、育兒、祭祖各個面向管窺台灣早期生命禮俗的大致形態。相較於上述幾篇論文側重在史料的蒐羅還有文本的內緣分析，〈日治初期台灣言論界「文學」概念的變化〉一文明顯帶有概念考掘的企圖。這篇研究旨在辨析具有現代意義的「文學」概念在日治時期台灣的知識界，是如何從儒學漢文傳統漸次轉往新文學的定義來形塑。易言之，「文學」的現代概念在日治時期的台灣不應該只視為是進步啟蒙的意義來看待，知識概念的意義轉化背後，有其具體社會現實的對應。該文不但有充分詳實的文獻梳理，更有細膩的分析辨證。以上諸文大致可以劃歸到日治以迄戰後的範疇，至於台灣的當代文學文化研究（一九七○年代以後）在本期付之闕如，孰是可惜（部分稿件是因為審查未過）。做為一份研究刊物，我們仍然由衷期待多元多樣的研究範疇、思考徑路還有批評觀點，在這個學術園地裡競相爭妍、百花齊放。

        在專業學術論文之外，本期特別收錄九月份假成大台文系館「台文講堂」舉行的「洪成潭版畫」展中，韓國知名版畫家洪成潭先生本人的現場分享以及各國學者、文化評論家們的演講與座談會紀錄。韓國在1980年5月發生的光州事件，激發起熱愛美術的洪成潭利用小學生用的雕刻刀和橡膠板，創作出一系列的「五月版畫」，並印成傳單在路上散發，藉此展開一場美術抗爭獨裁統治的游擊戰。洪成潭在他的版畫世界裡實踐了對抗權力與不義的「抵抗美術」。這個非常難得的藝術展出機會，提供台灣民眾一睹韓國的民眾藝術作為抵抗、揭露的潛能。緣此，本期學報特將這個活動的專題演講與各場座談化為文字記錄，再饗讀者。

        在編輯室報告的最後，要特別感謝《台灣文學研究》的所有編輯委員們――楊雅惠、陳建忠、曾吉賢、施懿琳、游勝冠、廖淑芳、陳麗君教授以及鍾秀梅主任。本學報自創刊以來即戮力朝向完善的學術機制來邁進，沒有各位編委們的用心與費心，這個目標難以達成。更要謝謝王維碩與劉庭彰兩位編輯助理，整個學報複雜繁瑣的編務工作，均有賴他們的細心和耐心方能完成。（劉乃慈）