帝國的審美與觀視：論台灣八景言說的建構及其美學意識型態

帝國的審美與觀視：
論台灣八景言說的建構及其美學意識型態
The Aesthetic Appreciation and Aspects of Empire:
The Literary Construct of the Eight Scenic Views of Taiwan and its Aesthetic
Ideology


申惠豐
Shin, Hui-feng

摘要


本文透過對台灣八景詩（大八景）的分析，論述清領前期台灣的仕宦與文人如何透過八景言說的建構，掌握台灣這塊位處邊陲帝國的新附之地；本文試圖透過空間分析的方法論，論述這些仕宦文人如何透過賞景此一關於美的觀視，解決身處異地所產生的主體認同問題。本文認為，這些仕宦與文人的八景言說建構中，存在著大量的帝國修辭，他們透過召喚歷史、文化記憶，透過轉喻、透過一種筆者稱之為帝國美學架構的修辭實踐，轉化台灣的空間屬性，創造了一個新的台灣空間形貌與歷史，目的是為了將台灣加入帝國的想像共同體之中。

關鍵詞：台灣八景、空間、地方、認同、地景

Abstract


By analyzing a poem lauding the eight scenic views of Taiwan (the greater eight views), we attempt to explain how the bureaucrats and literati of Taiwan, during the early period of the Qing Dynasty’s rule, and through the literary construct of the eight scenic views of  Taiwan, controlled the new addition to the frontier of the empire, that is, Taiwan. In this study, using the spatial analysis method, we discuss how these bureaucrats and literati resolved their subjective identification issues resulting from being in a foreign land through the beauty of scenic views. We contend that the literary construct of the eight scenic views, upheld by these bureaucrats and literati, comprised a significant amount of imperial rhetoric. By referencing historical and cultural memories, transforming metaphors, and implementing rhetoric under what was called an “imperialistic aesthetic framework” by the author, they transformed the spatial attributes of Taiwan, creating a new spatial form and history. The purpose of this framework was to integrate Taiwan into the imagined community of the
empire.

Keywords: Eight scenic views of Taiwan, space, location, identity,
landscape

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